Kutchuka ndi kugulidwa kwa Magalimoto Opanda Ndege (UAVs) kwapindulitsa mafakitale ambiri pochepetsa ndalama komanso kuonjezera chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito. Koma bwanji ponena za gulu la asayansi? Mazana, kapena masauzande, asayansi odziyimira pawokha ndi mayunivesite padziko lonse lapansi amagwiritsa ntchito ma UAVs kuchita zoyeserera zovuta zasayansi m'njira zatsopano.
Timakonda kuyang'ana kwambiri pa ntchito za mafakitale ndi zamalonda za ma UAV, koma sayansi yeniyeni imapindulanso ndi kukwanitsa ndi kupezeka kwa ndege pamene bajeti ili yolimba komanso nthawi yomaliza kuyesa ndiyofunikira.
Mwachitsanzo, asayansi angapo aku Poland adagwirizana pakufufuza mozama za kukokoloka kwa m'mphepete mwa nyanja, pogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje atsopano angapo monga LiDAR yoyendetsedwa ndi ndege ndi bathymetry.
Pawel Tysiac ndi Rafal Ossowski wa Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering ku Gdansk University of Technology, mogwirizana ndi Lukasz Janowski wa Maritime Academy ya Maritime University of Gdynia ndi Damian Moskalewicz wa Dipatimenti ya Geomorphology ndi Quaternary Geology ku Faculty of Oceanography ndi Geography ya yunivesite ya Gdansk compreinated gawo lina la gombe la Poland (Mwachindunji, mtunda wa makilomita 1 kum'mwera kwa Nyanja ya Baltic).
Pepalali lili ndi mutu wakuti "Kuwunika kwa kuwonongeka kwa mapiri a m'mphepete mwa nyanja pogwiritsa ntchito deta ya drone ndi orthophoto ndi bathymetric LiDAR mu Google Earth Engine". Linasindikizidwa mu Scientific Reports, January 2025 ndipo ndi chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri cha kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje atsopano kusonkhanitsa deta yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri kuti timvetsetse njira zomwe chilengedwe chimasinthira geography.
Tidakhala ndi mwayi wolankhula ndi Pawel Tysiac, m'modzi mwa omwe adalemba kafukufukuyu, kuti amvetsetse bwino zomwe ma drones ndi LiDAR amagwira ntchito yawo.
“Njira zachikale zowunika kukokoloka kwa mapiri nthawi zambiri zimafuna kuti anthu azigwira ntchito m’munda movutikira komanso kuwerengetsera movutikira pogawira malo pogwiritsa ntchito njira zakale zowunika malo,” adatero Pawel. "Mosiyana ndi izi, kupita patsogolo kwaposachedwa pakuzindikira kwakutali ndi kuphunzira makina kumapereka njira zatsopano zowonera kuwonongeka kwa matanthwe mwachangu komanso molondola."
Kuwonongeka kwa m'mphepete mwa nyanja kwakopa chidwi cha maboma ndi asayansi padziko lonse lapansi momwe masoka achilengedwe akuchulukirachulukira ndipo tsoka lililonse limayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa anthu komanso malo okhala.
"Mu pepalali, timagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti 'bluff degradation' mozama. Timatanthauzira kuti ndi zotsatira zomaliza za kusintha kwa matanthwe a m'mphepete mwa nyanja chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana komanso njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo malo ovuta a lithologic ndi hydrogeologic, mvula yamkuntho, mvula, kuwomba mphepo, ndi zochitika za anthu zomwe zimatsogolera ku chitukuko cha madera akuluakulu, mayendedwe awo, mayendedwe awo, kusuntha kwawo, kusuntha kwawo, kusuntha kwawo, ndi kusuntha kwawo. ndi zinyalala,” adatero Pawel. "Kuchokera pa izi, mfundo yaikulu ya phunziroli ndi yakuti mawonekedwe a electromagnetic wave reflectance spectrum amasiyana m'madera omwe akukhudzidwa ndi kuwonongeka. Pankhani ya bluffs ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja, kusintha kwa zinthu, zomera ndi zinthu zina zingayambitse kusiyana kwakukulu. "
Masiku ano, kuyang'ana patali ndi njira yodziwika bwino yowunika momwe zinthu zilili m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zithunzi ndi deta zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku satellites, nsanja zoyendetsedwa ndi ndege, ndi masensa apansi, ochita kafukufuku amatha kupeza zambiri komanso zamakono zokhudzana ndi malo a m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Zithunzi zosinthika panthawi yake zimalola kuwona kusintha kwa kachitidwe ka m'mphepete mwa nyanja pakapita nthawi ndikuthandizira kuzindikira madera omwe akhudzidwa kwambiri ndi masoka achilengedwe. Pankhaniyi, olembawo adagwiritsa ntchito kujambula kwamlengalenga, komwe kumapereka zithunzi zowoneka bwino zothandiza pakufanizira mwatsatanetsatane zisanachitike komanso pambuyo pake. Komabe, pali vuto la nthawi zosiyanasiyana zowunikira pazithunzi, zomwe zimatsogolera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana kuti zisinthidwe. Pankhani ya photogrammetry, maulendo apandege amafunika kuchitidwa pansi pamikhalidwe yofanana, koma palinso zovuta zina zomwe zimasiyana nyengo pankhaniyi.
"Tidaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito LiDAR ngati njira ina yothana ndi kusintha kwa kuyatsa," akutero Pawel. "Deta ya LiDAR ndi yofunika kwambiri poyesa kusintha kwa nyengo ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi kulondola kwakukulu, kuthandizira kusefa deta kuchokera ku zomera kapena malo osadziwika. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri cha LiDAR ndi Digital Elevation Model (DEM), yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chiwonetsero cha 3D cha malo a m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Zitsanzozi zimathandiza kumvetsetsa kugawidwa kwa malo a kukokoloka kwa nthaka mwa kuwerengera nthawi. "
Vutoli lidayamba chifukwa chigawo cha kuwonongeka kwa m'mphepete mwa nyanja chomwe chimachitika pansi pamadzi chimakhala ndi gawo lalikulu pakupangitsa kuti izi zichitike, chifukwa chake chisankho chogwiritsa ntchito LiDAR ngati chida chosambira.
Pawel adati, "Zotsatira za kafukufukuyu zimatipatsa chidziwitso cha momwe matanthwe a m'mphepete mwa nyanja akuyankhira kusintha kwa nyengo ndi mtsogolo, makamaka kukwera kwa nyanja ndi kuwonjezereka kwa mphepo yamkuntho." "Kupititsa patsogolo kafukufuku wachikhalidwe cha geotechnical pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zowonera kutali, monga kugwiritsa ntchito ma drones ndi kufufuza kwa ndege, kumapereka chitsanzo kumadera ena omwe akukumana ndi zovuta zofanana. kukokoloka kwa mapiri ndi kusakhazikika. "
Pophatikiza zosonkhanitsira zidziwitso zam'mlengalenga ndi zam'madzi kuchokera pamagalimoto odziyimira pawokha, gulu la asayansi ili lidatha kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa data, kulondola kwa zomwe zagamula, komanso kukwanira kwa zomwe adachita kuti achepetse kuwonongeka kwa geography ndi anthu okhala m'malo okhudzidwa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-12-2025